Q.1 Industrial Revolution first came in England. How the Industrial Revolution changed England in character and culture?
Q.2 “The Industrial Revolution put mobility in the place of stability.” Comment.
Q.3 “France was more fertile than Britain in producing new Socialist theories and movements, though they bore less concrete results in France than in Britain.” Critically Examine.
Answers:
By Chetan:
By Deepak:
By Sukhdeo in Hindi:
By Kishore:
By Mankiran:
By Athira:
Q.2 “The Industrial Revolution put mobility in the place of stability.” Comment.
IR saw a shift in economic structure from subsistence to surplus. IR first developed in England in 1760s, where the stable agrarian society shifted to a highly populated industrial one.
The discovery of abundant coal and iron deposits in England is one of the very important reasons of IR. The new innovations and technologies replaced the cottage industries that employed skilled artisans. Spinning jenny, power looms and steam power increased the rate of production of textiles. Iron and steel finds its application in buildings, machines, railways, ships etc. Road construction also becomes quicker.
New infrastructure helped increasing the pace of transportation. Hence trade and other businesses also progressed. Ships facilitated the discovery of new world. New places contribute more raw materials and labour, and also acted as market places. People started rushing in to cities for better employment opportunities, which contributed to greater mobility.
IR developed mobility within and across borders. After different phases of IR and later globalization, we are left with porous borders facilitating greater mobility
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