Solution: Daily Problem Practice for 2021 History Optional [Ancient India: Day 6]
Q. Identify the following places marked on the map and write a short note of about 30 words each. Locational hints for each of the places marked on the map are given below seriatim. [2.5×6= 15]
(i) Neolithic site:
Mehrgarh
- In Baluchistan, Pakistan.
- A Neolithic and Calcolithic site.
- Neolithic:
- Small farming and pastoralist village:
- Planned ancient farm villages.
- mud brick house (later sun-dried brick)
- bone tools,
- a-ceramic.
- Precursor of IVC.
- It was later abandoned with Harappan urbanisation.
- One of the earliest sites with evidence of farming (wheat and barley), herding and metallurgy.
- One of the earliest cultivation of cotton.
- Evidence of fishing.
- Unique discovery:- Dental surgery and related medicinal activities.
- Figurines of terracotta found.
(ii) Harappan site
Rojdi
- In Rajkot district, Gujarat.
- Mature Harappan, Late Harappan, and Palaeolithic site.
- Houses:
- Built on stone foundations.
- No bricks were found.
- Pottery:
- Hard, red-ware.
- Graffiti and Script:
- Graffiti with signs from the Indus script, such as jar sign.
- A short Harappan inscription on pots.
- Copper or bronze flat axes were found.
(iii) Meghalithic site
Hallur
- In Haveri district, Karnataka.
- Neolithic-chalcolithic and Megalithic site
- Earliest use of iron in South India at Piklihal and Hallur.
- Tools:
- Polished tools
- Microlith blades.
- Ornaments made of carnelian, ceramic and gold found.
- Chalcolithic blade tools
- copper axes
- fish hooks
- Transition to the Iron Age period is marked by megaliths and iron implements.
- Ash-mounds
- Double urn burial
- Agriculture – millet and horsegram, Green Gram
- Pottery:
- Early phase: Handmade and grey ware.
- Later phase: wheel made, BRW
- Herding – Cattle, Sheep, Goat.
- Animal bones of cattle, sheep, goat and horse were found.
- Habitation:
- Circular floors made of stone chips and river sand.
- Wattle and doab huts, post hole,
- One house with circular fireplace and ash and charcoal.
(iv) PGW and NBPW site
Ahichchhatra
- In Bareilly district, Uttar Pradesh.
- Capital of Northern Panchala, Mahajanapada.
- A brick fortification excavated.
- PGW was first identified at Ahichchhatra.
- PGW was followed by NBPW Period.
- Panchala and Kushana coins have been found here.
(v) Chalcolithic site
Narhan
- In Gorakhpur district (UP).
- Habitation:
- Wattle-and-daub houses with post-holes and hearths.
- Pottery:
- BRW.
- Artefacts:
- Bone points;
- pottery discs;
- beads of glass, agate, and terracotta,
- bone and terracotta dice;
- glass bangles;
- terracotta female figurines; animal figurines
- polished stone axe.
- Copper objects:- a ring and fishhook.
- Alloy technique well known.
- Iron objects also found.
- Agriculture:
- Rice, wheat, pea, gram, khesari, oilseeds, jackfruit, sal, teak, tulsi, mango, bamboo.
- Animal bone of wild and domesticated.
(vi) Buddhist cave
Ajanta Caves
- In Aurangabad district, Maharashtra.
- Buddhist Caves (2nd century BC to 7th century AD).
- UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- The 7th century Chinese Pilgrim, Huen Tsang mentioned it.
- Built in two phases-
- Satavahana- Hinayana
- Vakațaka- Mahayana
- Elaborate caves.
- Architecture:
- Chaityas and viharas.
- Early viharas – simpler, and lack shrines.
- Later Viharas also had shrine at the rear centres, statue of Buddha.
- This change reflects the movement from Hinayana to Mahayana Buddhism.
- Paintings:
- Mural paintings.
- Buddhist themes like Jataka stories.
- Paintings use many colors.
NOTE:
- All those enrolled can send their answers for evaluation in PDF format after scanning (you can use camscanner) on historytestseries2021@gmail.com
- Name your file as your name and day. For example, if your name is Ashok Kumar and you are sending answer of Day 1, World History, your file should be named as AshokKumar_World_Day1
- Answers will be evaluated within 3 days.
- Click here for Solution of all Daily and Weekly Problem Practice Questions for enrolled students.
