Day: October 3, 2026

Q. The political disintegration was responsible for the socio—economic decline in India during the 18th century.” Comment. [UPSC- 2017] Ans: Aurangzeb’s death in 1707 was followed by the rapid weakening of the Mughal Empire and the rise of regional powers such as Bengal, Awadh, Hyderabad, the Marathas, Mysore and the Sikhs. Older historians, notably Jadunath […]

Q. “The American Revolution was, in many respects, a manifestation of the Enlightenment in political, civil and ecclesiastical spheres.” Explain. [UPSC- 2025] Ans: The American Revolution (1775–1783) was deeply influenced by the intellectual currents of the European Enlightenment. Thinkers such as John Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire and Rousseau challenged absolutism, hereditary privilege and religious intolerance and […]

Q. The British rule had differential impact on the Indian society. Describe in what ways the Indians responded to the Revolt of 1857. [UPSC- 2022] Ans: The Revolt of 1857 emerged from a combination of military grievances, political annexations, agrarian discontent, fears of social and religious interference and resentment against colonial rule. However, its spread […]