Q.1 “The effectiveness of the League of Nations to prevent or to check Japanese aggression against China was the first serious blow to its prestige as an agency for providing security.” [10 Marks]

Q.2 “The Berlin Congress (1878) failed to unlock the Eastern Question. Though there was no longer major war in Europe for nearly three decades after the Treaty of Berlin, it contained the seeds of many future wars.” Critically Evaluate. [20 Marks]

Q.3 “The end of the Cold War and with it, the age of bipolarity has sparked intense debate over the continued relevance of the Non-Aligned Movement.” Elaborate. [20 Marks]

Q.4 “The events in Prague, together with the Berlin blockade, convinced the European recipients of American economic assistance that they needed military protection as well: that led them to request the creation of a North Atlantic Treaty Organization.” Comment. [10 Marks]

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